Zone d'identification
Cote
Titre
Date(s)
- 1947 - 1949 (Production)
Niveau de description
Sous-fonds
Étendue matérielle et support
0.20 linear feet of textual records
Zone du contexte
Nom du producteur
Notice biographique
John Jay McCloy (1895-1989) was named president of the World Bank on February 28, 1947 and took office on March 17, 1947. McCloy's appointment followed a three month search for a successor to the Bank's first president, Eugene I. Meyer, who had resigned on December 4, 1946.
Prior to joining the Bank, McCloy spent twenty years practicing corporate law in New York and Europe. He also served as Assistant Secretary of War under Henry L. Stimson in the Roosevelt administration during World War II. By the timehe was nominated as World Bank President, McCloy had a broad network of relationships in both business and government spheres.
McCloy entered the Bank during a time of great uncertainty for the organization. Internally, the issue of who would command executive authority - the Bank president or the executive directors - had yet to be resolved. Externally, the World Bank was viewed with skepticism by many. Impatience for lending operations to begin, uncertainty regarding Bank capital, and questions about leadership were some of the more common concerns expressed by government officials, Wall Street, and the media.
The issues of executive authority and the Bank's relationship with the United States government were largely resolved during the negotiation of McCloy's nomination. McCloy demanded resolution to the issue of executive authority as a condition of his acceptance of the position. His demands for executive authority were met and were reflected in a June 1947 report of the Board's Committee on Organization. The report stipulated that the Executive Directors were responsible for policy decisions but that recommendations for these decisions must come from Bank management. It also described how Bank operations were under the purview of the president and Bank staff; management would decide whether a loan application was to be pursued and would determine the framework for negotiations. Only after the completion of negotiations would the president submit a loan proposal to the Board for approval. The relationship between the Bank president and the United States government was also resolved as a condition of McCloy's acceptance of the Bank's presidency. McCloy demanded that the Bank and the Office of the President not be subject to the dictates of the U.S. government and the American Executive Director. A related condition of McCloy's acceptance of the Bank presidency was that Eugene R. Black would be named the new Executive Director representing the United States.
While applications for lending had been received prior to his arrival, the signing of the first World Bank loan on May 7, 1947 didn't take place until after McCloy took office. The loan, for $250 million, was made to Credit National, a semipublic French corporation, for post-Second World War reconstruction. Policies related to interest rates, security requirements, and fund dispersal were established during the preparation and negotiation of this and other early loans.
The majority of Bank lending under McCloy was to European countries in support of their reconstruction following the War. However, McCloy foresaw and supported a quick transition to bilateral aid for reconstruction purposes, allowing the Bank to increase investment in the poorer and post-colonial countries of Latin America, Africa and Asia. The Bank's first development loan was made during McCloy's time in office. On March 25, 1948 Chile signed a loan agreement for $15 million to fund hydroelectric and agricultural development.
McCloy also presided over the Bank's first bond offering. The offering of $250 million took place in July of 1947. The offering was deemed a success, as it was substantially oversubscribed.
As the Bank was still a relatively small institution under McCloy's leadership, it maintained a simple organizational structure. Robert Garner, who had joined the Bank at the same time that McCloy was named Bank President, served as the lone Vice President throughout McCloy's tenure. Senior managers, including department directors, had regular and direct access to the President on an informal basis.
McCloy's resignation from the Bank was announced on May 18, 1949.
Histoire archivistique
The bulk of the records of the President's office from the period of John J. McCloy's service as President of the World Bank are with the McCloy papers in the Archives of Amherst College. Only a few files from his presidency remain at the World Bank.
Source immédiate d'acquisition ou de transfert
Transferred from the Office of the President.
Zone du contenu et de la structure
Portée et contenu
The records of President McCloy consist of incoming and outgoing correspondence between President McCloy, the U.S. Executive Director of the Bank, U.S. political leaders, U.S. public officials, and prominent business leaders. The correspondence address topics of Bank operations and lending.
Évaluation, élimination et calendrier de conservation
Accroissements
Accruals are not expected.
Mode de classement
Zone des conditions d'accès et d'utilisation
Conditions d’accès
Records are subject to the World Bank Policy on Access to Information.
Conditions de reproduction
Records are subject to the Copyright Policy of the World Bank Group.
Langue des documents
- anglais
Écriture des documents
Notes de langue et graphie
Caractéristiques matérielle et contraintes techniques
Instruments de recherche
Zone des sources complémentaires
Existence et lieu de conservation des originaux
Existence et lieu de conservation des copies
Unités de description associées
Zone des notes
Identifiant(s) alternatif(s)
Mots-clés
Mots-clés - Sujets
Mots-clés - Lieux
Mots-clés - Noms
Mots-clés - Genre
Zone du contrôle de la description
Identifiant de la description
Identifiant du service d'archives
Règles et/ou conventions utilisées
Internal World Bank Group Archives rules based on ISAD(G).
Disclosure status
Niveau de détail
Dates de production, de révision, de suppression
22 July 2015